Machine translation:  ruru enen kzkk cnzh-CN    ky uz az de fr es cs sk he ar tr sr hy et tk ?

Technical requirements  • Mobile version • Menu, Rubricator • Search  • Booklets  Тour  • Slides   •  Sources

User's Guide to Polpred.com

Library's access to Polpred.com. Mass Media Review

Minimum technical requirements for access to polpred.com 

1) PC or tablet PC with following operating system: Windows XP (with SP3), Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8–8.1, Windows 10; or MacOS Leopard and later; or iOS (for iPad) version 8 and later; or Android 5.1 (Lollipop).

 Requirements fot mobile devices — see "Mobile version".

2) Broadband Internet.

3) Web-browsers such as Chrome (40 and later), Firefox (version 15 and later), Safari (5 and later), Internet Explorer (11), Edge (any version), Opera (17 and later), Yandex.Browser (15.9 and later).

4) Cookies should be switched on in the browser.

5) In case of access restriction to certain resources, the access should be allowed to IP-address 89.111.191.253 and domain polpred.com with all its subdomains.

Authorization settings

Some of your units have static IP-addresses and some - dynamic? Or you are unwilling to send us the external IPs of the whole institution? Units with static external IP-addresses can use IP access. Branches with dynamic IP-addresses for access to the Polpred service use the login and password that we assigned to the library when opening the access.

The automatic login and password entry is set by the library’s IT staff. Depending on the used software the automatic entry can be set:

a) in a centralized way for accessing the external paid information resources of your library;

b) for 5-30 computers there is the licensed software product that keeps in memory the passwords for all the connected computers: Keepass — a free application with an open code; LastPass — a free application, synchronization through the cloud; 1Password — 250 rubles for one workstation, cloud; RoboForm — 1300 rubles per year for all computers, cloud. The programs can be purchased on the websites of their developers;

c) for small readings rooms (up to 5 computers) you can enable automatic password storage using the browser means (“remember the password” key).

Agreement on free trial access:

Wish to check if the access is functioning? When you enter the polpred.com website you can see the name of the library, period of availability and Statistics key in the upper left-hand corner of the screen. If the library name is not seen, you should check whether IP-addresses of your institution have been changed. You need you to check which IP-address is determined by your system when entering the website http://polpred.com/catch.html and send us this address.

Access from home? The reader can get it himself in order to have the “personal lists,” “my account,” that is, the bookmarks remain if the user changes the device. The key Access from Home will appear in the polpred site header if the library has signed in to polpred. By sending us a brief profile the reader can get a letter with the personal access login.

You need a trial access document in addition to our e-mail? There is the text of the Agreement on free trial access, which you can fill in, send us, and we will return it to you with our signature and seal.

Announcement and banner

Place an advertisement with an active hyperlink to polpred.com and a banner in the list of electronic library systems and other external paid electronic resources you have at your disposal. An ad on the library website.

Polpred.com Media Review. Thousands of news daily, full text in Russian, archive of 4 million best stories of news agencies and business press for 20 years. Database with subject heading list: 53 sectors / 600 sources / 8 federal districts of the Russian Federation / 235 countries and territories / 170000 Main materials, including 86000 articles and interviews of 25000 chief executives. The "Home access" button is in the polpred.com header.

On the announcement / banner page you can find advertisements for industry-specific libraries, as well as ads in English and in other languages. Brief – one-page annotations of the Polpred.com Media Review are also there. Put on your desktop a programmed Polpred icon for quick access to the website.

What is a correct announcement. Frequent inaccuracies in posted announcements.

The resource name is given as "POLPRED" or Polpred. The full name of our resource is Polpred.com Media Review .

Access end date is specified. It is not needed, as there is an option for extending access. A library employee may forget to renew access date, and the corresponding letter from the polpred editorial office may not be received. However, we don’t block the access. If we are paid (under a contract with the sole supplier with exclusive rights) we increase the number of sources.

The announcement includes login/password for access by IP addresses. You need to remove the login/password. It is no longer needed for authorization. The range of IP addresses may be broadened for access from all computers of your institution or its branches.

The announcement includes the access login/password.. You need to remove the login/password from the website. No outsiders should be able to get access to our resource. The authorization data publication is only allowed in the internal network (intranet) or in a closed section for the users, but not in the external Internet. We can offer you a more convenient form of trial access to the polpred.com database – via the IP address. This saves the users the trouble of getting the login/password from the library employees, as well as entering them every time they want to access the website.

The library website is not updated for years. Please remove the outdated information from the website and replace it with a new announcement text. The Announcement / Banner key in the menu on the left on the polpred website offers options for the Polpred.com Media Review announcement: in four words; in one line; the standard annotation; announcement for the libraries on the agricultural / medical / construction themes and so on.

The optimal place for the announcement – in the list of electronic library systems and other external paid electronic resources available to this library. But not in the «Useful links» or «Free access» sections.

Examples of our banners  If you need a non-standard or another file format logo — do not hesitate to write to info@polpred.com

— There is no section "Electronic library systems" on the website. Where should the banner be placed? You can place the announcement on the page with the list of external paid electronic resources. Placement of additional information on the main page or in the news is welcomed, however, the news is moved to the archives and becomes difficult to access.

Access statistics

Access statistics Detalization of downloaded from polpred.com articles for authorized users.

Statistics of your library.  The "Statistics" key appears in the upper left-hand corner following authorization. The user can see:

— the access opening and end date;

— the time of last visit and total number of visits from the library account;

— the number of downloaded full-text articles by months;

— all polpred documents (including books, websites) at choice or only the Media Review;

— frequently used IP addresses of the library with indication of the number of articles downloaded from each of them;

— the full list of connected IP addresses of the library;

— the number of additional logins linked to the library account with indication of the number of downloaded articles;

— most popular countries and industry sectors from the polpred index with indication of the number of downloaded articles;

— detailed description of each click with indication of the time, url of the page and IP address of the user who downloaded the document.
The data of visits via the «Home access» service are taken into account.

Generalized statistics of access to polpred.com by libraries of Russia and foreign countries.  The "Our reader" menu key in open access shows the daily updated information on:

— the list of most downloaded / viewed polpred documents by the readers from August 1, 2009;

— the list of most viewed documents by the day (with the possibility to choose the range of dates, by default — for the previous day);

— the number of articles available / documents downloaded by the readers — by industry sectors, countries and RF federal districts;

— the number of libraries working by IP addresses and the number of documents downloaded by them;

— the number of libraries by categories / specialization and the number of documents downloaded by them.

the top list per each category of libraries;

— the top list of libraries per country;

popular sections of Polpred.com Media Review.





Electronic resources in RF libraries. With detailed description of each electronic library system (ELS) and other external paid electronic resources of Russia and other countries. FAQ for the readers of libraries is available on the polpred portal menu key on the left, it was created in February 2014, but is still relevant. The interactive rating table “ELS in Russia” — the top list of subscription or long-term trial access (more than 3 months) to external paid electronic resources in 336 leading university and public libraries of Russia. Rubrication by the RF federal districts and categories of libraries. Rating of 240 names of external paid electronic resources: in terms of frequency of presence in libraries / alphabetically. Active links to electronic resources and website of libraries. You can find the needed electronic resource, knowing its name and who subscribed to it yesterday, in the library that now also offers paid subscription. Libraries also welcome «outsider» readers.

Mobile version

The polpred.com website is depicted on mobile devices according to the responsive design principle, that is, depending on the screen size it takes its whole width. Also, the readability of letters is maintained at a high level on any screen, and pictures in the news are automatically adjusted to the width (they can be expanded by the «stretch» gesture).

Requirements to mobile devices (for access from a library’s wifi network or by a personal login). The minimum resolution on the wide side – 600 pixels (using phones with a retina screen, you need to consider the resolution in the browser, not the number of pixels on the screen). Horizontal viewing of polpred.com is recommended on telephones (in the case of vertical viewing there will be less options present in the rubricator). Using tablets or smartphones with a large diagonal is recommended for a large amount of text; on the tablets with a resolution of at least 1024x768 pixels both horizontal and vertical viewing is acceptable.

The smaller the device, the lighter version is displayed to the user. So, on all smartphones, as well as on tablets with vertical viewing, the menu for saving space on the screen turns into an “icon” in the upper left-hand part of the screen, by clicking on which the menu on the left is pushed or retracted (see screenshots). On smartphones with vertical viewing only basic drop-down menus are available (countries, federal districts, industries, sources); turn the device in horizontal mode and the “regions of the world” and “persons” features will be added to them, that is, the menu will become as close to the desktop version as possible. The panel with the “Mark all”, “Add to Favorites”, “Favorites”, “Personal lists” keys is not visible when you are viewing it horizontally on a tablet, but if you turn it over, these functions will be available. Viewing a site on a tablet in horizontal format with a width of at least 1024 pixels is completely identical to the functions of the desktop version of polpred.com.

Menu and search in the rubricator

MENU ON THE LEFT

It appears on each page of the portal. The Menu is altering, prompting the points of interest as the reader works with the search rubricator. The Menu reacts to the country or the RF federal district from which the reader comes and offers the relevant news block.

«ABOUT US» LINK

It is the most important page on polpred that explains in the preamble the goal of the project and its three components

1. How to search for business publications in the polpred archives.

2. Learn by heart the list of 26 industry groups (red capital letters, live links); 53 sub-sectors of Russia and abroad (blue letters, live links); keywords for each industry group. We give news about grapes in the “Alcohol” section, flax and cotton appear in the “Light industry”, and mineral fertilizers - in the “Chemical industry” section. Although all the above items are close to the “Agribusiness” section, they are not included in it. It is necessary to learn like the multiplication table the list of sectors / sub-sectors / keywords, to know what to look for and where.

3. The list of “Countries and territories”, the top list and all countries. \

The basic 260 active links from the “About us” key lead to separate, industry- and country-specific, polpred sections in which news is an integral part of the polpred World Reference Service (menu keys “Internet Services”, Non-fiction, “Main news” , “Persons”).

«NEWS. MEDIA REVIEW» LINK

The rubricator with settings for work with the array of full-text business articles. Separate fields include: search area / industry sector / source / date / country / RF federal district / world region / main / personalities / personal lists / mark / favorites. For a detailed study of the rubcitaor you should head over to the Tour page.

The polpred reader can use the search by words and collocations, in quotation marks and without them. However, sometimes it is more convenient to use all boxes of the rubricator, rather than only its search box. If the reader is searching for articles containing the word «Formila-1», the same rubcicator provides the menu key «News. Media Review» with a newswire on the automotive industry, with the settings: together with the aviation industry or separately; in the world, in Russia or in a number of its federal districts; together with the news of the «Transport » section or without them; on Germany with Japan or on other countries.

RUBRICATOR. SEARCH

The work with the Polpred.com Media Review information array can be done with the help of the rubricator and its supplements: personal lists; selected news. The news search rubricator from the polpred database archives is the main and frequently used tool.

The reader of a library (that has authorized access to polpred) immediately gets to this database to the rubricator. It is also possible to browse to it from other sections through the «News. Media Review» on the left.

The rubricator comprises four rows of drop-down menus and checkboxes, with which you can select and sort news from the database array.

The First row consists of the main parameters according to which the news is selected. It includes, above all, "Countries" and "Industry sectors", which we tie to each news item in the database. You can select one, two or more countries or territories of the total 235, as well as economic sectors on the news topic. Some of the industry sectors also have sub-sectors. The reader can specify in what language he would like to get the news selection; if he chooses English, only the English-language sources are depicted, and if Russian — the English-language sources are excluded from the selection. If we leave the option «Languages» in the rubricator, we will be able to see the whole information, and not just in Russian or in English separately.


The news search can also be tied to a continent or part of the world, if not just a couple of countries are concerned – China and Taiwan in Africa or Latin America, this also can be of interest to somebody. Part of the news is marked by the RF federal districts on our site, giving sizeable archives of business reports for the past 15 years on each of these districts. For the readers’ convenience we determine the district from which he enters and give an additional menu option on the left that leads to a selection with the filled «RF federal district» box (that is, news items only of that particular federal district are displayed). 

The «Personalities» parameter displays an alphabetical list of 12 thousand newsmakers, articles and policy statements of which are added to our data bank. If a certain industry sector or a country is selected, only the personalities that have publications on this subject are left on the menu. If the author has publications not on one, but on several industry sectors, the list of all these sectors appears under the rubricator. By pressing the key «all» you get the full text of all articles of the author irrespective of their relation to an industry. It is more convenient to work with the list of personalities and their connection to industry sectors, countries, view the rating of newsmakers by the number of news items, using the key «Personalities» of the menu on the left. Some of our news items have been marked by the «star»: in addition to «Personalities» the «Main» item also includes publications on important subjects selected by our editors. To make a selection of only these materials, it is necessary to activate in the rubricator the check box .

The dropdown menu «Sources» allows the reader to select from 280 news agencies, newspapers/magazines, websites of governmental agencies and major companies. The menu also has the «Sources» item on the left that gives a more detailed information about Russian, foreign sources, as well as about the field-specific websites. The sources are by default displayed alphabetically by the name of the resource, but there is also an option to sort them in terms of popularity (top list), by countries and sectors.

The key  opens/hides all the menus of the rubricator with "check marks". And the key  opens Personal lists.

The second line of the rubricator: gives an option to enter any word or collocation for the search throughout the polpred database array. The mark «?» right of the search box gives information on how to correctly use the language of queries and which symbols should be entered in the search box to this end. The key «articles of specified author» includes to the selection texts by the personality, the name and surname of which are entered in the search box (the principle is the same as in the menu «Personalities», whose name is entered manually, and not selected from the list). If the check mark is disabled, mentions about this personality will get into the selection.

The main criteria of news selection (industry sector, source, publication date, country, RF federal district, main personalities, etc.) are set in the pubricator with the help of dropdown lists and other options of the interface. The search box in the rubricator (there is quick access to it on each page in the upper right-hand corner) expands the selection possibilities and makes it possible not only to search for words and collocations throughout the database array, but also use the search language. The operators entered in the search box make it possible to fulfill more complex search tasks.

Our search process yields the product of three types: (1) by keywords and phrases, 2) sub-sectors, made by the editorial office by way of complex settings, 3) personal lists — 10 keywords.

The language of queries in the polpred.com search area.

 Command  Function Example
 " " A collocation in quotation marks ", is searched as a single phrase, the words go in a row "political will"
"UN development"
 | The logical operator «OR» will search for the documents containing any word from the query. This is useful when synonyms are present. The use of several operators\  | in one query is acceptable. parliament | reichstag |  reichsrat | riksdag |
seim | landtag | rada
 ! - The logical operator «NOT». It is possible to exclude from the search results pages with certain words. To this end it is necessary to put the hyphen character or exclamation mark without space before the word that should be excluded. Only the word before which the operator is put will be excluded.

-moscow commodity exchange
Will show the documents containing the collocation «commodity exchange», but without the word «moscow». It is also possible to exclude several words from a query:
: “finnish butter” -salt 
-vegetable.

 ~ You can specify the maximum space between two words of a query using the «tilde» ~. symbol. The word order is not taken into account in such queries.

"electronic commerce"~2
There may be other words in the found documents between the words «electronic» and «commerce», but no more than two.

SENTENCE,
PARAGRAPH

The operator SENTENCE is needed for the search inside of a sentence. The search for documents in which the query words are placed within a paragraph, is possible using the operator PARAGRAPH.  The arguments of operators (i.e., left and right of SENTENCEPARAGRAPH) may be one of the following three: either a simple keyword (examples 1, 3); or a phrase (example 2); or the operator itself SENTENCE/PARAGRAPH (example 4).

Amazon SENTENCE drone

"Charlie Hebdo" SENTENCE circulation

(Майкрософт | Microsoft) PARAGRAPH
(Самсунг | Samsung)

«(warming | improvement of) relations»
SENTENCE Moscow SENTENCE West

( )

Use brackets in complex search queries to combine groups of words so that the search engine could correctly understand the query.

Agricultural producers (CHP | CES)

cross-border (-trade | «transfer personal data»)

The full list of operators see at: Spynx Search, chapter  5.2 and 5.3.

Third lineYou can also set a time period (dates «from» and «to») of the publication release in the original source and the range of internal issues (polpred id is attached to each publication). The key «Select» includes the parameters that the reader set in the rubricator and shows the newswire in accordance with them.

The fourth supplements the made selection with the additional sorting parameters. The readerк can select only the latest news that appeared in our database for the past 24 hours, 7 or 30 days, as well as to sort news items by the publication date (the latest news according to the publication media release is given above); the sources by alphabetical order for a day, as well as by the number (polpred id) — the recently added to the database texts are displayed above.

«FOOTER» OF THE WEBSITE. SEARCH EXAMPLES

Demo versions of personal lists of news feeds.

Демонстрация использования поисковых запросов, сочетаний стран, регионов, федеральных округов и отраслей, параметров «главное», «персоны» и других элементов управления показаны в «подвале» сайта. С их помощью читатель учится правильно пользоваться рубрикатором.

НОВОСТИ. Федеральные округа России Поволжье • Урал  Сибирь • ДФО • Центр • Северо-Запад • Юг России • Северный Кавказ.

Страны и территории, регионы и группы стран Деловой Китай • Скандинавия Дания | Норвегия | Финляндия | Швеция • Прибалтика Латвия | Литва | Эстония • Закавказье Азербайджан | Армения | Грузия • Средняя Азия Казахстан | Киргизия | Таджикистан | Туркмения | Узбекистан • Страны Залива Бахрейн | Катар | Кувейт | ОАЭ | Оман | Саудовская Аравия • Индокитай 9 стран • Карибы 17 стран • Арктика • Южная Америка 24 страны • Балканы 10 стран • Евросоюз 28 стран • Восточная Европа 12 стран • G7  Великобритания | Германия | Италия | Канада | США | Франция | Япония • G20 20 стран • КНР, Гонконг, Тайвань.

Страновые подборки с добавлением федерального округа РФ. Приморье с КНР Гонконг | Китай | Тайвань | ДФО • Дальний Восток Вьетнам | Гонконг | Китай | КНДР | Корея | Лаос | Мьянма | Сингапур | Таиланд | Тайвань | Япония | ДФО

Страновые подборки с добавлением отрасли Шелковый путь Азербайджан | Грузия | Казахстан | Киргизия | Китай | Таджикистан | Туркмения | Турция | Узбекистан | Транспорт • Офшор 25 стран | Финансы, банки • Пляжный отдых Вьетнам | Греция | Доминиканская Республика | Израиль | Испания | Италия | Китай | Куба | Мексика | Сейшелы | Таиланд | Франция | Латвия | Хорватия | Черногория | ЮФО | Миграция, виза, туризм • Инновации в АТР Гонконг | Китай | Корея | Малайзия | Сингапур | Тайвань | Япония | Образование, наука • Телеком в АТР те же 7 стран + СМИ, ИТ.

Отраслевые подборки Энергетика Нефть, газ, уголь | Электроэнергетика • Машиностроение Авиапром, автопром | Судостроение, машиностроение |Транспорт • Провинция Агропром | Алкоголь | Леспром | Рыба | Экология • Деньги Госбюджет, налоги, цены | Приватизация, инвестиции | Финансы, банки.

Подборки по источникам Госплан — 14 изданий об экономической политике.

Тематические подборки с сочетанием ключевых слов, поисковых запросов. Поиск одного ключевого слова или словосочетания в кавычках, по всему сайту или внутри отрасли Медицинский туризм • Особые экономические зоны • Поддержка экспорта •  Иностранные инвестиции • Инновации. Поиск по набору ключевых слов на основе частотности упоминания во всех polpred отраслях Предпринимательство • Большой спорт • ИТ, телеком • Вузы, наука.

Для платного подписчика редакция может выполнить заказ на подбор ключевых слов по заданной тематике. См. также: язык поисковых запросов.

Ленты новостей, собранные по кнопкам «главное», «24 часа/7 дней/30 дней» Главные темы • Новое за 24 часа • Новое за 7 дней.

ГЛАВНОЕ — 70 тыс. самых значимых новостей, отобранных нашими редакторами, по России и её федеральным округам, по любой из 235 стран и 26 групп отраслей. В рубрикаторе включена галочка . В Главное входят и публикации Персон. Россия • ЦФО • ПФО •  СЗФО •  СФО •  ДФО •  УФО • ЮФО •  СКФО • США • Китай • Украина • Германия • Казахстан • Корея • Внешторг, политика • Агропром • СМИ и ИТ • Армия, полиция • Госбюджет, налоги • Транспорт • Финансы, банки • Строительство • Нефть, газ, уголь • Образование, наука • Медицина • Миграция, туризм • Экология • Леспром • Металлургия, горное дело • Авиапром, автопром • Электроэнергетика • Инвестиции.

ПЕРСОНЫ — раздел в меню слева с 35 тыс. интервью и авторских статей. Отраслевые подборки Финансисты • Строители • Нефтяники • IT-шники • Военные • Экологи • Медики • Аграрии  Страховщики • Деятели культуры. Примеры от основных ньюсмейкеров (речи В. Путина и Д. Медведева, статьи Ф. Лукьянова и Ю. Латыниной), в т. ч. в сочетании со страной/округом/отраслью (А. Тарасов о Сибири).

ИНТЕРНЕТ-СЕРВИСЫ — наш каталог официальных интернет-сайтов ведомств и компаний: 1) международные сайты по основным отраслям, странам, 2) рейтинг электронных библиотечных систем России со ссылками на их сайты и используемые интернет-ресурсы, 3) каталог электронных ресурсов.

FAVORITES

In addition to the rubricator, there are two other tools — Favorites and Personal lists for the work with the polpred text arrays. Access to Favorites is available via the panel under the rubricator (the panel remains at the top of the screen even during the page scrolling).

If you activate a checkbox next to a news item and press the icon  on the control bar, the news item will be added to a special selection of news. And if you choose the «mark all» check mark, all news items on the page will be marked.

That is how the option «Favorites» on the control bar will look like when news appears on it.

Each text of your selected text collection may be assigned a hashtag (or tag), which you can name yourself. The tags are convenient for distributing news items by categories. It is possible, for instance, to create the tags «graduation paper», «read later», «breaking news», «digital economy», «with tables».The tags have the functions of folders into which you place files on your PC. Being in the «Favorites» click on the blue link «Add tag» next to the news item and select one of the hashtags you created (or create a new tag that would be linked to a news item right away). After that you will be able to sort the news by the tags the list of which is displayed in the upper part of the page.

The author of a coursework or a Ph.D. thesis is inspired by the ideas of the original source. The search for the required items in the millions of important business articles preliminarily selected by the polpred editorial office is made by the author through our rubricator that has many functions for searching and sorting large arrays of full-text publications. Our goal is enable the student to save time for the search. We maximally speed up the analysis of non-scientific periodicals by library readers with full access to the Polpred.com Media Review website.

So, the theme «Business publications and news agencies, websites of governmental agencies and major companies about innovations in the industry». Or in the construction/agricultural/medical sectors.

Through the search rubricator «News. Media Review», the menu key on the left, the reader can highlight the needed full-text publications according to the plan of the future essay sections: 1) universities and new education forms; 2) libraries and electronic resources; 3) scientific parks and special economic zones; 4) support of export and investments; 5) industrial clusters; 6) entrepreneurship; 7) Davos, Doing business; 8) innovations’ forecast.

Rereading the opinions of experts, correctly quoting them and referring to them, the author sets out his own impressions, for each chapter, without plagiarism and primitive. Hooray, victory

You can press the key   (Take away) and send «Favorites» to your personal login. If the reader comes to the library and wants to work with the Favorites option with which he worked at home, he presses the key «Log in to personal account» in the upper left-hand corner and enters its «home» login and code.

If the user has not created his personal account, he can register it using the «Access from home» key in the website’s header. After filling in the form he receives the letter with the activation link.

«PERSONAL LISTS» KEY

Multiplies the possibilities of the search rubricator by forming a news feed from any number of components in the form of industry sectors / countries / sources; all this follows a specific reader, is available to him from various mobile Internet access devices.

The reader forms any number of news feeds for an indefinite period with any number of countries, economy sectors and information sources.

 

In the upper part of the screen you can see the list of themes you selected (countries, industries, etc.). Using the icon «diskette» you can save the selected items in the Personal lists for further use. You can get access to Personal lists via the «gear» icon on the line below. If the personal lists have already been created, you can choose the required item from the menu.

In combination with these Personal lists (or without activated check marks at all) the user can add from 1 to 10 keywords, listed separated by commas or in quotation marks. If at least one word is present in the news item text, it will be included in the list. The reader can also, similar to Favorites  (take away) or download Personal lists from the «home» login-password.

The «Favorites» and «Personal lists» options contain a newswire of up to 1000 news items in one screen. If editing and additions are needed, there is the export to Word option. It is the long newswire that the reader receives via the rubricator, the search box and personal lists — and only after that sorts the newswire by the tags/folders/bookmarks.

TRANSLATION OF NEWS INTO YOUR LANGUAGE

Machine translation into dozens of languages, free for libraries and the reader, in the polpred site header, top left. Clicking on the required flag gives a foreign online version of the entire polpred archive. Clicking on a foreign phrase displays its Russian original next to it. Below the flag is en de cn, short versions of the traditional translation.

All news texts and other pages of the site can be translated into your native language or into English. We recommend using the functions of Internet browsers (setup will take 1-2 minutes). If you have Google Chrome (its coverage is up to 70% of users), install the Translate plugin. He translates from Russian, for example, into Kazakh through English, but he is constantly improving, including with the help of users. Yandex Browser has a built-in translator: if you open a page in a foreign language, it offers to translate it into the language that is used in the browser interface (almost 100 languages). The quality of translation from Russian into English and the languages of the post-Soviet space is very high.


 


 


 

Booklet 2016

Booklet 2015

Booklet 2014

Booklet 2013 en/ru

Booklet 2012

Booklet 2011

Booklet 2010